Data and Technology in Business - 1053 Words

Data and Technology The successful companys activities (management) are related to collection, storage, and analysis and interpreting data. The purpose of data collection is to get hold of information and to continuously record and to make decisions on key issues. Data collection is the storage of data and prepare for the future process. Moreover, every piece information is a valuable resource in business, such as cost of production, share prices and exchange rates, company reports and market research. The information (data) is mostly collected about their own organisations to analyse themselves and given to other companies to analyse it. Also, the up to date and accurate information (progress of the business) helps to managers and employees involved in making decisions. There are two types of data that usually used in businesses, the quantitative and qualitative. The quantitative data is a business or financial analysis, performance that aims to understand behaviour by using complex mathematical and st atistical modelling, measurement, research and display the results, using the charts, histograms, tables and graphs. Quantitative analysis can be done for a variety of reasons, such as the measurement, performance estimation and calculation of the number of financial instruments (earnings per share, popular product, cash flow and costs). Moreover, surveys and the use of government publications are common methods of collecting quantitative data. For example. 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Mental Health And Rural And Remote Practice - 1661 Words

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Leadership for Policy and Product Innovation

Question: Discuss about the Leadership for Policy and Product Innovation. Answer: Introduction: Mrs. Katie is one of the senior nurse leaders working in the X hospital, Australia for more than 15 years. She is in-charge of the infection control department and is accountable for the infection control practices in the entire hospital including operation theatre. She is an all-rounder and gets respect from all the hospital staffs irrespective of their managerial heads such as doctors, surgeons, pharmacists, technicians, managers, housekeepers, etc. She has previously worked in the Y hospital for nearly 10 years and has quit it as it doesnt pave way to transform based on the changes in nursing field. Then, she has joined in the current hospital as senior staff nurse and transformed to nurse educator within one year. When I was posted in the oncology ward, I came across an incident in which the junior nurse named A has not taken care of her assigned patient properly. She has just finished her nursing degree and has 6 months experience. The ward in-charge has assigned two patients wi th one neutropenic and other breast cancer patient to her. The neutropenic patient was in strict isolation but Sr. A doesnt follow any aseptic technique while taking care of that patient. She has not used any barrier techniques, didnt washed her hands and applied hand sanitizer, etc before entering the patients room and has given sponge bath and started IV fluids. After few hours, the patient complained of having increased temperature with shivers. At this time, Mrs. Katie has entered the ward and asked about the patients complaint. One of the attendees told that Sr. A has not worn mask while caring the patient. Katie has asked Sr. A to answer as why she has not followed any barrier techniques while caring neutropenic patient and by the answer given by A, Katie understood that she is only a fresher and has no clear idea about the aseptic technique. Katie found that A has studied in a college where she has not come cross any neutropenic patient. Katie thought that the organizational vision, mission, structure, functions and job responsibiliti es for nurses should be revised. She has collected all the nurse educators and senior staffs and discussed about the learning needs of their departmental staffs and who in turn will take classes for the nurses. Katie has to face challenges as to provide best care to patients, maintain the fame of the hospital as well as maintain the staffs with clinical efficiency. She cant terminate the staff for this reason as the hospital requires adequate staffing and proper education will help to empower these staffs. Katie has taken classes to all the staffs about inflection control practices, precautions for care of neutropenic patients, etc. She has made staffs to demonstrate all the techniques. She was a friendly, talented, dedicated and sincere person. She always motivates and directs the staffs. She communicates in a good manner and many staffs were inspired by her personality. She has not punished but transformed the nurses into effective Smart nurses. Mrs. Katies behavior suggests that she is a nursing leader with inspiring personality. The leadership style adopted in this situation is trans-formational leadership. Mrs. Katies profile that I have observed in my clinical area has been discussed with trans-formational theory as it is the appropriate leadership theory that describes ones performance; its effectiveness and leadership styles used by a leader that aids in achieving the objectives of my work-place. In the future, I wanted to adapt trans-formational with quantum and innovative leadership. This essay discusses about the leaders role and their achievement by using trans-formational theory will be analyzed based on various perspectives. Initial reflections of the events Mrs. Katie, a senior nurse leader has been working in- charge of the infection control department in the X Hospital, Australia since 15 years. She is an all-rounder in nursing and other departments of the hospital. She is a friendly and intelligent person. I have observed her hard working, dedication and motivational attitude. She is a good communicator and has strong personality by inspiring the staffs and is taken as a role model by many nurses. She has good problem- solving skills and great clinical experience with specialized knowledge in infection-control practices and in leadership and managerial aspects. Moreover, she is the member of quality department and staff-welfare committees. She is in-charge of operation- theatre infection- control and involves in planning and coordinating its schedules. I greatly admire Katies leadership style. Her motivation, sincerity, hard-working, controlling, inspiring and evaluating personality of the staffs is the needed qualities for a leader. The leadership style practiced by Katie is trans-formational style which involves interaction between people for a definitive purpose of an organization by transforming, motivating and enhancing the actions of subordinates (Simola, 2012). Basically, a person who gives hope to others even in a desperate situation is called as a true leader (Prasad, 2009). Similar to this, Katie is a motivational and inspirational leader. Katies leadership style will transform the subordinate to a positive side leading to the attainment of desirable changes through the organizational strategy (Geib, 2013). She acts as a role model to her followers and has good communication skills that are needed for a leader to achieve her goal. Wang (2010) states that trans-formational leadership should be both individual and group- focused and it should empower the individuals to gain their full- potential and enhance the abilities and promote the self-esteem. Katie possesses all the characteristics of a trans-for mational leader. Critical Analysis The nurse leaders should posses the leadership skills as it is a most needed criterion for them. Katie is friendly to staffs and is a member of quality and staff development committee that helps to gain cooperation for achieving organizational goal as leadership is an art that involves mobilizing subordinates to struggle for shared aspirations (Heidenthal, 2004). Simply, it is an interaction between the leader and followers and influencing the followers to achieve their goals in work place as Katie is a good communicator that helps to attain the goal. Katie plans, controls, directs and organizes the infection control department including operation theatre which is supported by Basavanthapa (2003) that leadership is a dynamic- interactive process involving different dimensions as planning, directing, controlling and organizing. A leader should manage the activities of a group and influence them to attain goals (Roussel, 2006). A wise leader should induce the individuals/ group based o n leaders purpose as Katie does. The leadership could be formal, if a nursing manager exhibits power within a framework based on legal aspect of organization and informal, if nursing staffs could influence others to attain the vision (Sullivan, 2004). Trans-formational theory is the best theory to discuss Katies role, its nature and achievement as it focuses on the way by which the followers could be motivated, directed and controlled to attain the leaders goal (Sullivan, 2004). It involves promoting the subordinates commitment to the organizational vision (Sullivan, 2004). Katie empowers her subordinates to pursue the goal by maintaining unity to attain the organizational vision in the future (Kelly-Heidenthal, 2004). Geib (2013) states that the trans-formational leaders are good in influencing subordinates as the subordinates trust, admires, maintains loyalty and gives respect to their leader and so they will work hard to achieve the objectives. Trans-formational leaders should motivate the people to gain self-interests and should be a model for unity, integration and fairness. They should set clear goals with higher expectations, encourage and support the people (Warrick, 2011). This leadership will promote subordinates satisfa ction, which will determine the organizational performances (Stevens, 2010). Trans-formational leader should be a charismatic, influential and motivational person and inspire confidence (Northouse, 2010). By having motivation, Katie will carry her subordinates along with her and inspire them to attain the desired change in an organization. Roussel (2006) revealed that trans-formational leadership involves 4 components as managing- trust, gaining attention, self meaning. In case of managing- trust with reliability, the nurses will respect, follow and execute the organizational decisions that are fair, honest and equal, which was made by a trans-formational leader as exhibited by Katie. The judgment of these leaders will be consistent and worth. The management of attention will be achieved by adhering to vision, goal and sense of outcome (Roussel, 2006). All the health- care organizations will have a vision to define its role in the community which is credible, highly attractive with realistic objective. Understanding the staffs skills and the method to utilize them is defined as the meaning of a self (Roussel, 2006). Nurse leaders promote their leadership skills by continuous education in leadership and organizational- management that help them to reduce the stress faced in hospitals. In case of management of meaning, they should promote commitment in organizational staff by introducing their vision, mission and creating a standard culture between the staffs by group- discussions, staff meetings, agreement and con-senses building that supports staff innovation and creativity which is similar to Katie as she discusses about organization in her staff meetings. When the objectives are achieved, reward and appraisal should be given to the staff. In 2009, Roussel has clearly stated that the goals that benefit organization and staffs are attained by empowering the staffs to have a vision about organization and to develop trust in leaders is called as trans-formational leadership. Trans-formational leadership could be practiced in emergencies and operation theatres as these areas will change rapidly. So , the leaders in these areas should be flexible, assertive, motivate and respect the values as well as needs of the staffs (Roussel, 2009). Katies motivational and inspirational talk with good communication motivates her subordinates to work for the patient and organization. Generally, the transformational leaders should have common characteristics such as the ability to introduce the sense of capability and trust, offer vision, motivates to perform tasks and to take risk, manage the issues and take appropriate action at the time of conflict, to direct, control and communicate with others effectively. In relation to trans-formational leadership aspect, Katie treats her staffs equally, respectfully and friendly with good communication skills that are acceptable by all (Heath, 2004). This makes her to be respected in the entire hospital that aid in co-operation in patient care. This builds a trusty relationship among her subordinates. Additionally, she involves her subordinates in the vision of the organization by treating them equally (AANAC, 2014, p. 5). Due to this, the self-determination as well as self-confidence of her subordinates will be restored. She holds meetings individually in a routine basis to promote their values by asking about their probl ems, needs, suggestions for improving patient care and feelings in the organization and addresses these issues. Katie holds various positions and power with nursing staffs and hence they will feel more responsible for their work and try to work hard. She has given awards for staffs under various categories. This will motivate the staffs to attain the organizational goals and vision. She holds meetings to develop working strategies and newer ideas by involving all the staffs. Thus, Katie is an admirable trans-formational leader. Implications for my leadership practice Leadership is most important skill for a nurse leader. I previously believed that autocratic leadership is most needed for nurses as they deal with human life. This clinical situation has removed my older thoughts about leadership. This situation has thought me that trans-formational leadership suits well for nurses as it empowers and motivates them to contribute to patient care and build trustworthy relationship with others (Kelly-Heidenthal, 2004). Trans-formational leadership involves each and every staff in the decision making process that makes them to feel as a part of the hospital organization and aid in organizational success. I learned that the staffs should be motivated by giving adequate training and rewards for their excellence in patient care (Roussel, 2009). Trans-formational leadership will help to bring positivity in the staffs mind with self-interest and influence them to achieve societal goals (Warrilow, 2012, Tan, 2006). I understood that, the trans-formational leader who is acting as a role- model will influence the subordinates and make them feel accountable for their duties and responsibilities (Mc-Naron, 2009, p. 589- 560). Higher level of competencies could be gained when this type of leadership is demonstrated to provide quality care. A great deed of job- satisfaction will be attained by adapting this style. A leader should share power and involve other staffs in decision making process. I understood the need for group involvement and ways to create it. It is clear that staffs should be motivated by rewarding them for their excellence. I learned that a leader should mobilize the support (man power, money and time), possess good communication style with ability to make the subordinates to follow (Humphrey, 2002). A nurse leader should be a good listener and empower staffs by training them continuously (Vitello-Cicciu, 2002). A leader should continuously learn and update her to sustain in a competitive environment. An efficient leader should be able to initiate a change, implement a change, empower the staff members, act as a role model, specify the roles and responsibilities for staff members and carry staffs to come along (Northouse, 2010). I believe that job design plays a great role in regulating the effects of trans-formational leadership. Roussel (2006) suggests that a leader should achieve a common goal and mission with the help of appropriate measures. I learned that a group could be transformed into more functional and useful organization by this leadership style. From Mrs. Katies clinical situation, I learned that a nurse leader should transform based on changing situation so as to adapt to needs of the patients. Nursing profession requires politeness, compassion, hard- working with great integration into the leadership hierarchical structure and so trans-formal leadership will be more apt for nursing department. Many hospitals and centers follows this type of style as it has to be modified based on the advancements. A nurse should be transformer as well as undergo transformation to be an effective carer. I will use vision, mission, passion, integrity, ceremonies traditional rituals and enthusiasm to reshape the changing society by adapting proactivity, functioning as a catalyst for creativeness and innovation, serving as a team lead and promoting learning within organization (Roussel, 2014). I learned that intellectual stimulation should be focused on the ability of the staffs to encourage practicing problem- solving and critical- thinking skills with creative as well as innovative approaches in daily tasks and other situations. I will balance the effort between productivity and staffs effic iency, create trust with organization, manage change-process, make appropriate decision and promote organizational learning (Institute of medicine, 2004). In the future, I will adapt tans-formational leadership with quantum and innovative style. Quantum style involves whole, personal-integration and synthesis of organizational goals. It helps to transited from chaos, conflicts, rules, scripts and loss (OGrady, 2015). Innovative involves critical and creative thinking which is much needed for nurses. Conclusion Leadership is most important for nurse leaders as they manage with life. Katies profile has been analyzed and discussed in this essay. Her nature, vision, goals, competencies and achievement has been discussed by using trans-formational leadership theory and found more similarities than differences. She has used trans-formational leadership skills effectively and used them to improve the staffs and organizations productivity. I have enjoyed working with Mrs. Katie in the Oncology department under her leadership and I believe that I will adapt trans-formational leadership with quantum and innovative style in the future. I wish the best for Mrs. Katie to continue in trans-formational style. Reference AANAC- The American Association of Nurse Assessment Coordination. (2014). Extras Nursing Leadership Management Leadership Styles: 1-10. Retrieved from www.aanac.org Basavanthappa.(2003). Nursing Administration. Retrieved from https://books.google.co.in/books?isbn=8171796710 Geib, P., Swenson, J. (2013). China: Transformational Leadership for Policy and Product Innovation: Advances in Management. 6(5): 3-10. Heath, J. (2004). Healthy work environments. A validation of the literature: Journal of Nursing Administration. 34: 524- 530 Humphrey, R.H. (2002). The many faces of emotional Leadership: Leadership Quarterly. 13(5): 855-879. Institute of medicine. (2004). Keeping patients safe: Transforming the work environment of nurses. National Academies press: Washington, DC. Kelly-Hiedenthal, P. (2004). Essentials of Nursing Leadership Management. Delmer Learning: USA. McNaron, M. (2009). Using transformational learning principles to change behavior in the operating theatre: Aron Journal. 89 (5): 859-860. Northouse, G.P. (2010). Leadership Theory and Practice. (5th ed). London: Sage. OGrady, T. (2015). Quantum leadership: Resource for healthcare innovation. (4th ed.). Jones and Bartlett learning: Burlington, MA. Prasad, L.M. (2009). Principles and Practice of Management. Sultan Chand Sons: New Delhi Roussel, L Swansburg, R. (2009). Management and leadership for nurse administrators. (5th ed.). Jones and Bartlett: USA. Roussel, L., Swansburg, R. C. Swansburg, R. J. (2006). Management and leadership for nurse administrators. (4th ed.). Jones and Bartlett: USA. Roussel, N. (2014). Management and leadership for nurse administrators. Jones and Bartlett: USA. Simola, S., Barling, J., Turner, N. (2012). Transformational Leadership and Leaders Mode of Care Reasoning: Journal of Business Ethics. 108: 229237. Stevens, C. (2010). Four things employees need from leaders: Harvard Business Review Blog Network. Retrieved from https://blogs.hbr.org/cs/2010/05/four_things_employees_need.html Sullivan, E Decker, P. (2004). Effective Leadership Management Nursing. (6th ed.). Pearson Education: New Jersey Tan, P. (2006). Nurturing Nursing leadership: Beyond the horizon. Singapore Nursing Journal. 31 (1): 33- 38 Vitello-Cicciu. (2002). Exploring emotional intelligence: Implication for nursing leaders: Journal of Nursing Administration. 32(4): 203-210. Wang, X.-H., Howell, J. M. (2010). Exploring the Dual-Level Effects of Transformational Leadership on Followers: Journal of Applied Psychology. 95(6): 11341144. Warrick, D. D. (2011). The Urgent Need for Skilled Transformational Leaders: Integrating Transformational Leadership and Organization Development: Journal of Leadership, Accountability and Ethics. 8(5): 11-26. Warrilow, S. (2012). Transformational leadership theory. Ezine articles. Retrieved from http;//ezinearticles.com?transformationalleadershiptheory.

John The Baptist Essays - Herodian Dynasty, Apocalypticists

John the Baptist We are given the story of the ministry of John the Baptist, called the Precursor or Forerunner of the Lord, with some variation of detail, in the three synoptic Gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke, as well as in the Book of John. Luke tells us of the birth of John the Baptist in a town of Judaea, about six months before the birth of the Saviour. The attendant circumstances, which we have already recounted under the headings of *St. Elizabeth* and *St. Zachary*, his parents, suggest the miraculous and wonderful. The New Testament tells us nothing of John's early years, but we know that his pious, virtuous parents must have reared the boy with care, conscious always of the important work to which he was appointed, and imbuing him with a sense of his destiny. When John began final preparations for his mission, he was probably in his thirty-second year. He withdrew into the harsh, rocky desert beyond the Jordan to fast and pray, as was the ancient custom of holy men. We are told that he kept himself alive by eating locusts and wild honey and wore a rough garment of camel's hair, tied with a leathern girdle. When he came back to start preaching in the villages of Judaea, he was haggard and uncouth, but his eyes burned with zeal and his voice carried deep conviction. The Jews were accustomed to preachers and prophets who gave no thought to outward appearances, and they accepted John at once; the times were troubled, and the people yearned for reassurance and comfort. So transcendant was the power emanating from the holy man that after hearing him many believed he was indeed the long-awaited Messiah. John quickly put them right, saying he had come only to prepare the way, and that he was not worthy to unloose the Master's sandals. Although his preaching and baptizing continued for some months during the Saviour's own ministry, John always made plain that he was merely the Forerunner. His humility remained incorruptible even when his fame spread to Jerusalem and members of the higher priesthood came to make inquiries and to hear him. Repent, for the Kingdom of Heaven is at hand,-this was John's oft-repeated theme. For the evils of the times his remedy was individual purification. Every tree, he said, that is not bringing forth good fruit is to be cut down and thrown into the fire. The reformation of each person's life must be complete?the wheat must be separated from the chaff and the chaff burned with unquenchable fire. The rite of baptism, a symbolic act signifying sincere repentance as well as a desire to be spiritually cleansed in order to receive the Christ, was so strongly emphasized by John that people began to call him the baptizer. The Scriptures tell us of the day when Jesus joined the group of those who wished to receive baptism at John's hands. John knew Jesus for the Messiah they had so long expected, and at first excused himself as unworthy. Then, in obedience to Jesus, he acquiesced and baptized Him. Although sinless, Jesus chose to be baptized in order to identify Himself with the human lot. And when He arose from the waters of the Jordan, where the rite was performed, the heavens opened and the Spirit as a dove descended. And there came a voice from the heavens, Thou art my beloved Son, in Thee I am well pleased (Mark i, 11). John's life now rushes on towards its tragic end. In the fifteenth year of the reign of the Roman emperor, Tiberias Caesar, Herod Antipas was the provincial governor or tetrarch of a subdivision of Palestine which included Galilee and Peraea, a district lying east of the Jordan. In the course of John's preaching, he had denounced in unmeasured terms the immorality of Herod's petty court, and had even boldly upbraided Herod to his face for his defiance of old Jewish law, especially in having taken to himself the wife of his half-brother, Philip. This woman, the dissolute Herodias, was also Herod's niece. Herod feared and reverenced John, knowing him to be a holy man, and he followed his advice in many matters; but he could not endure having his private life castigated. Herodias stimulated his anger by lies and artifices. His resentment at length got the better of his judgment and he had John cast into the fortress of Machaerus, near the Dead Sea. When Jesus heard of this, and knew

Heavy Tax essays

Heavy Tax essays Have you paid your taxes yet? Why are taxes so crucial for a country? Because taxes are the main revenues of the government and just like a father has to work and get pay to support the family, taxes support the growing and the maintaining of the country. Being one of the essential incomes of a state, taxes certainly affect people ¡s life. In fact, different rates of taxes cause different kinds of problems to the society. For example, excessive heavy rate of taxes might cause a country to corrupt, and extremely light rate of taxes might cause inflation. If a country have heavy tax rates, people will contribute less spending, get lazy on the work, moreover, the homeless will over rely on the social benefit, and as a result, the society will suffer from all these effects. Imagine that you are in an all-new country name Sonoma. People that live in this country have the same kind of life standard like what we enjoy now, but only with the tax rate that is twice as high as ours. With this high rate of taxes, the first problem that will arrive is that prices will increase. The prices of gifts, clothes, video games, computers, movie tickets and everything we can obtain in the shopping mall are raised. Consequently, the people in Sonoma won ¡t have too much extra money to spend on merchandises. With this problem along with the country for a long time, shopping malls might start to fire employees that don ¡t perform as well; more people might lose their jobs as time passes. The result might force the country ¡s economy into a depression. Now, if there are a lot of people that don ¡t have a job, they will become homeless. And with this excessive tax rate, there will be a lot of social programs for this country. With the helping hands of the government, the homeless will drop their pride and receive the benefits that are provided by the community. They will become so rely on the social benefit and won ¡t try to get a job. Th...

Professional Design Helped Me Through the Wild West of Indie Publishing

Professional Design Helped Me Through the Wild West of Indie Publishing How Professional Design Helped Me Through the Wild West of Indie Publishing Adam Bender's debut novel takes place in the Wild West. According to him, the landscape of self-publishing bears some similarities with that setting. In this article, he talks about how professionals  helped him design his book and successfully navigate this new territory. Mark sent me a draft of the interior and asked me to scan for problems. It looked great, but we went through a few rounds weeding out little imperfections. He responded quickly and in days we had a PDF ready for printing. He then helped me convert the print book into an eBook fit for a Kindle. This isn’t as simple as sticking the print version into an app and clicking â€Å"Change to eBook.† Some elements had to be simplified to work for digital reading. There were a few bugs, including some issues related to page breaks and spacing, but Mark quickly sorted them out. I was just glad it wasn’t me poring over the code!The pride you feel when your book looks 100% professional? PricelessThe Wanderer passed a big first test when I received the proof of the paperback. The first thing I thought when I saw Ben’s cover was, â€Å"Hey, this actually looks like a book I’d want to read!† And when I opened it up, it looked like a real book too! I could se e that the work of my diligent editors, Rachel Gluckstern and Jim Spivey, and Mark’s clean layout had been worth the investment.Soon afterward, I scored a starred review from Kirkus Reviews and five-star ratings from five separate critics who reviewed the novel early on Readers’ Favorite. I couldn’t have done that without my gang of Reedsy collaborators. "This new frontier of self-publishing can often feel a little like the Wild West."  @WatchAdam Not only did using Reedsy pay off for this novel, but the professional relationships I’ve built will continue to be valuable down the road. Even after finishing their jobs, my collaborators have been available for advice, and they’ve helped spread the word. Next time I venture out into the self-publishing frontier, it’s heartening to know I won’t be riding alone.The Wanderer and the New West is available on Amazon and Amazon Kindle!  Please share your thoughts, experiences, or any questions for Adam Bender in the comments below!

GPS And Its Use In Modern Surveying Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

GPS And Its Use In Modern Surveying - Essay Example President Reagan opened access to the GPS for the civilian aircraft navigational purposes for the first time in 1983 (Leick 5). GPS has immense application in modern surveying. GPS enables the surveyors to measure the points or features of any location across the globe from space. Data collected with the help of GPS can be used to provide information for navigation systems or to monitor the infrastructure projects. Surveyors commonly use the GPS to derive elevation with the help of sophisticated satellite receivers as an alternative to the traditional precise leveling. However, the accuracy of the former is lesser as compared to the latter, but when the traditional leveling has to be carried out over a long distance, the accuracies of both methods become similar. GPS helps reduce the time consumed in surveying. â€Å"Project surveys scheduled to take become an often take just a few days or hours with GPS† (Transportation Research Board). Modern surveying has benefited a lot fr om the use of GPS.

The Science and Art of Managing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Science and Art of Managing - Assignment Example On a broader context, the article provides an in-depth knowledge pertaining to the importance of structured organizations and the process through which they operate. In addition, it also highlighted the importance of planning along with organization which plays a very important role. Psychological facets such as motivation can prove to provide great deal of support to the employees in enhancing their performance in the organizations. It also plays a leading role in influencing the employees in order to reach their individual goals along with the goals of the organization. On a different context, the article showcased the managers need to perform multiple tasks and responsibilities in the organization. Additionally, managers are also liable to get respect based on their level of expertise. However, they are also liable for practicing different aspects of management that vary as per the level of difficulty. The article provided a basic idea pertaining to the factor that managerial auth orities need to earn the trust of the management to function in an operative manner (Weiss, 2007). B. CRITIQUE ‘The Science and Art of Managing’ ‘The Science and Art of Managing’ written by W. H. Weiss provided with a lot of valuable insights about management. The overall analysis will be followed by a critique in relation to the facts gathered from the above mentioned article. While providing a summary of the article, all those important elements pertaining to the organizational traits have been learnt. The article additionally provided a great deal of support in order to attain a fair amount of knowledge regarding the basic principles of management. The article very well showed the different functions that managers need to perform however there were no practical aspects of management functions that were noticed. Providing managerial examples from real organizations would have proved to be very beneficial. It would have resulted in the enhancement of the q uality of the article as well. It can be critically acclaimed that the article provided a strong base of theoretical knowledge however it cannot be fully applied in practical terms as there were no such readings determining the applicability of all the approaches in the practical fields. Different principles along with diverse management functions highlighted upon the multiple roles which managers have to perform in order to operate in a well-organized manner. All of these aspects were showed in a proper format however, the article did not highlight any instances which prove that all these aspects were applied in real organizations to trigger high amount of output (Weiss, 2007). In relation to the professional opinion, it can be said that management and business experience can facilitate an individual to carry out decisive managerial roles in an efficient manner. Management principles are vital in an organizational context as it enables to demarcate the specific needs for a set of e mployees based on their inherent traits. Moreover, it can be affirmed that management skills are required to function in an operative manner as managerial functions require prompt decision in varying critical circumstances. It can be critically stated that although managers need to perform an assortment of roles in an organizational context however the level of success in these roles can be ascertained by their expertise and inherent skills. Contextually, the aspect of motivation as a key determinant

Personal Statement to Win a Scholarship Essay Example for Free

Personal Statement to Win a Scholarship Essay An experienced and fully qualified registered nurse who is efficient, thorough and passionate about delivering the best levels of care to patients. I possesses extensive healthcare experience in a wide range of key nursing fields and has the required physical, mental and emotional strength to stand up to the rigours of this demanding profession. Able to work autonomously and has vast knowledge of using the latest state of the art medical equipment to treat, observe and record the conditions of patients. As a driven individual who wants to progress she is now looking for a suitable nursing position with a reputable, exciting and modern healthcare provider. See more: how to write a scholarship essay Employment History Emena Hospital Assistant Superviser Sept 2011- current Duties Caring for patients who are suffering from acute and long-term illnesses and diseases. Administering drugs, medication and injections to patients. Treating patients with respect and dignity, and giving attention to individual needs and wishes. Kj Prioritising workloads and allocating patients appropriately. Maintaining high clinical standards and high levels of quality care delivery Providing information, emotional support and reassurance to patients and relatives. Nursing Skills Implementing and participating in vaccination and immunisation programmes for both adults and children. Taking patient samples, pulses, temperatures and blood pressures. Experience of Chronic Disease management i.e. diabetes and asthma, etc. Responding calmly to emergency situations. Reviewing and evaluating the effectiveness of nursing interventions. Organising junior staff and prioritising busy workloads. Able to liaise with social services and other care agencies. Preparing beds, rooms, sterilising instruments, equipment and supplies, and ensuring that an essential stock of supplies is maintained.

The Motifs of Furniture and Yoke in George Eliots Middlemarch Essay

The Motifs of Furniture and Yoke in George Eliot's Middlemarch "'You have not made my life pleasant to me of late'-'the hardships which our marriage has brought on me'-these words were stinging his imagination as a pain makes an exaggerated dream (667)." On the list of life's complexities, marriage, perhaps, reigns at the top. George Eliot's Middlemarch exhumes many of the complicated facets of marriage from a Victorian England milieu. Although the character spectrum in Middlemarch includes diversity in social class, the bulk of players are members of the aristocracy. Despite financial wealth, married women were bound to their husbands-Eliot employs the metaphor of the yoke to convey strict bondage to the spouse and domesticity. On the other hand, an aristocratic married couple was likely bound to material possessions; in the instance of Middlemarch, furniture serves as a complex motif. An analysis on the themes of yoke and furniture in Eliot's novel prompts several questions. What does the definition of yoke imply about the metaphor? Who bears the yoke in marriage? Who is concerned with furniture? What roles does furniture portray in Middlemarch? Finally, a comparative discussion on the ties between the yoke and furniture as burdens in marital relationships will conclude the argument. The Oxford English Dictionary gives the primary definition of "yoke" as: A contrivance, used from ancient times, by which two animals, esp. oxen, are coupled together for drawing a plough or vehicle; usually consisting of a somewhat curved or hollowed piece of wood fitted with 'bows' or hoops at the end which are passed round the animals' necks, and having a ring or hooks attached to the middle to which is fastened a chain or trace e... ...ial status), some men, particularly Lydgate, were enslaved by their wife's emotions and demands. In regard to furniture, however, it was usually only wealthy men who lived beyond their means that were bound to debt, since they held sovereignty in decision-making. Comparing the motifs of the yoke and furniture in the novel is an intricate and interesting task because they are both tangible objects that represent metaphoric repression, burden, or anxiety. Although George Eliot uses many rhetorical devices in Middlemarch, the clever employment of multi-faceted motifs was effective in conveying the underlying messages about women's rights and the burden of materialism. Work Cited and Consulted: Eliot, George. Middlemarch. 1871. London: Penguin, 1994. Oxford English Dictionary. 1989. U of Oxford. 18 December 2002. Princeton Text Archive. 18 December 2002.

Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited

Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (known as BSNL, India Communications Corporation Limited) is a public sector communications company in India. It is the India's largest telecommunication company with 25.14% market share as on December 31, 2007. Its headquarters are at Bharat Sanchar Bhawan, Harish Chandra Mathur Lane, Janpath, New Delhi. It has the status of Mini-ratna – a status assigned to reputed Public Sector companies in India. BSNL is India's oldest and largest Communication Service Provider (CSP). Currently BSNL has a customer base of 68.5 million (Basic & Mobile telephony). It has footprints throughout India except for the metropolitan cities of Mumbai and New Delhi which are managed by MTNL. As on December 31, 2007 BSNL commanded a customer base of 31.7 million Wireline, 4.1 million CDMA-WLL and 32.7 million GSM Mobile subscribers. BSNL's earnings for the Financial Year ending March 31, 2007 stood at INR 397.15b (US$ 9.67 b) with net profit of INR 78.06b (US$ 1.90 billion). Today, BSNL is India's largest Telco and one of the largest Public Sector Undertaking with estimated market value of $ 100 Billion. The company is planning an IPO with in 6 months to offload 10 % to public. Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd. formed in October, 2000, is World's 7th largest Telecommunications Company providing comprehensive range of telecom services in India: Wireline, CDMA mobile, GSM Mobile, Internet, Broadband, Carrier service, MPLS-VPN, VSAT, VoIP services, IN Services etc. Within a span of five years it has become one of the largest public sector unit in India. BSNL has installed Quality Telecom Network in the country and now focusing on improving it, expanding the network, introducing new telecom services with ICT applications in villages and wining customer's confidence. Today, it has about 47.3 million line basic telephone capacity, 4 million WLL capacity, 20.1 Million GSM Capacity, more than 37382 fixed exchanges, 18000 BTS, 287 Satellite Stations, 480196 Rkm of OFC Cable, 63730 Rkm of Microwave Network connecting 602 Districts, 7330 cities/towns and 5.5 Lakhs villages. BSNL is the only service provider, making focused efforts and planned initiatives to bridge the Rural-Urban Digital Divide ICT sector. In fact there is no telecom operator in the country to beat its reach with its wide network giving services in every nook & corner of country and operates across India except Delhi & Mumbai. Whether it is inaccessible areas of Siachen glacier and North-eastern region of the country. BSNL serves its customers with its wide bouquet of telecom services. BSNL is numero uno operator of India in all services in its license area. The company offers vide ranging & most transparent tariff schemes designed to suite every customer. BSNL cellular service, CellOne, has more than 17.8 million cellular customers, garnering 24 percent of all mobile users as its subscribers. That means that almost every fourth mobile user in the country has a BSNL connection. In basic services, BSNL is miles ahead of its rivals, with 35.1 million Basic Phone subscribers i.e. 85 per cent share of the subscriber base and 92 percent share in revenue terms. BSNL has more than 2.5 million WLL subscribers and 2.5 million Internet Customers who access Internet through various modes viz. Dial-up, Leased Line, DIAS, Account Less Internet(CLI). BSNL has been adjudged as the NUMBER ONE ISP in the country. BSNL has set up a world class multi-gigabit, multi-protocol convergent IP infrastructure that provides convergent services like voice, data and video through the same Backbone and Broadband Access Network. At present there are 0.6 million DataOne broadband customers. The company has vast experience in Planning, Installation, network integration and Maintenance of Switching & Transmission Networks and also has a world class ISO 9000 certified Telecom Training Institute. Scaling new heights of success, the present turnover of BSNL is more than Rs.351,820 million (US $ 8 billion) with net profit to the tune of Rs.99,390 million (US $ 2.26 billion) for last financial year. The infrastructure asset on telephone alone is worth about Rs.630,000 million (US $ 14.37 billion). BSNL plans to expand its customer base from present 47 millions lines to 125 million lines by December 2007 and infrastructure investment plan to the tune of Rs. 733 crores (US$ 16.67 million) in the next three years. The turnover, nationwide coverage, reach, comprehensive range of telecom services and the desire to excel has made BSNL the No. 1 Telecom Company of India. History The foundation of Telecom Network in India was laid by the British sometime in 19th century. The history of BSNL is linked with the beginning of Telecom in India. In 19th century and for almost entire 20th century, the Telecom in India was operated as a Government of India wing. Earlier it was part of erstwhile Post & Telegraph Department (P&T). In 1975 the Department of Telecom (DoT) was separated from P&T. DoT was responsible for running of Telecom services in entire country until 1985 when Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited (MTNL) was carved out of DoT to run the telecom services of Delhi and Mumbai. It is a well known fact that BSNL was carved out of Department of Telecom to provide level playing field to private telecoms. Subsequently in 1990s the telecom sector was opened up by the Government for Private investment, therefore it became necessary to separate the Government's policy wing from Operations wing. The Government of India corporatised the operations wing of DoT on October 01, 2000 and named it as Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL).BSNL operates as a public sector.

MSc Development Finance

Furthering my knowledge in finance and economics is one of my goals. As a native of Brunei, a developing country, I would like to contribute to my country’s progress with the use of the knowledge and skills that I acquired during my undergraduate studies. Majoring in accounting and economics has provided me extensive knowledge of various economic principles and theories and their application in the business world. Although the University of Manchester has given me sufficient knowledge in the field that I have chosen, I believe that pursuing to study under this programme would provide me a broad yet focused knowledge in development finance and its practical application in the public sector. I chose to pursue this programme because of its international focus, group work, and emphasis on learning public finance, bank and non-bank financial institutions, international finance organizations, aid agencies and other finance-related areas of study that can help in understanding how the financial theories governing our country and the world economy work. The program is also designed to teach me financial inclusion and microfinance in relation to poverty reduction. My interest in development finance first sparked during my junior years. My wish to contribute to my country’s progress was further intensified by a course about economic policies of developing countries and their role in the international market. Working at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade Development in Brunei under the Finance Department for summer internship last summer 2007 has also provided me first-hand experience and knowledge in international trade. I am confident that this university has the capacity to provide students with knowledge beyond the conventional financial educational program. The programme of University of Manchester also includes strengthening the analytical decision-making skills of students. It also offers wider academic opportunities and school resources that will deepen my expertise and broaden my perspectives. I am especially interested and looking forward to the overseas field visit which is a crucial part of the programme. Most of the countries visited are developing countries like Brunei which face similar economic situations. The programme also allows students to conduct research in government and non-government organizations and other universities in the U.K. This can not only broaden my knowledge and hone my skills in finance, but also enhance my socializing and communication skills. With hopes and persuasion in my mind, I aim to establish a career that can contribute to the further development of the financial situation in my county. One of the careers that I have in mind is a job in Brunei Investment Agency (BIA). As mentioned earlier, my country is a developing country. Although we are an oil-producing country, I believe that in terms of investment and contribution to the world economy, there is still much room for progress. Through this programme, I know that I would be able to obtain what is necessary to achieve my goal. Thus, I see myself successful in a career on this field and making Brunei a more developed and investment-focused country. Â  

Learning a Second Language Essay Example

Learning a Second Language Essay Example Learning a Second Language Essay Learning a Second Language Essay Christie Butler November 11, 2011 CP150 Unit 15 Paper We as American students should learn a second language. The students would have a better chance of getting into a good school. The student should take up on another language if it is mandatory. Therefore, learning a second language could help students in future careers, students would get paid more if they know a second language, and students would be encouraged to learn more about the culture of that language. Students should learn another language because it could help in their future careers. In learning a second language students are set with tools and common sense to exceed in future careers (Rao, 2011). Students will benefit from using a second language in any type of career they choose. They also will be able to communicate that particular language in the work place. Also students will be able to use the language in everyday life. Students would likely get paid more if they know a second language. If students know the language of there choice they most likely be in a better position of getting hired. Students would have a better chance at higher pay if they know two languages. Knowing two languages may get into higher positions at their jobs. Lastly, students would be encouraged to learn more about the culture of that language. â€Å"Students are clearly recognizing the importance of learning other languages as we become a more global society† (Marklein, 2003). Students may have family members that speak a different language. Also they could use that language to their advantage and travel the world for career opportunities. Then students would feel more confident and they’ll know how important it is to learn languages. In conclusion, students would make better career choices, being able to get promotions if they know a second language, and having that confidence to be able to speak a second language makes learning it a bit easier. I also studied Spanish in my high school years which I’m glad that I took, because it was not only a part of my culture, I was able to communicate to those that don’t know English. References Marklein, M. B. (2003, November 5). Students taking strides in foreign languages. Retrieved November 8, 2011, from www. usatoday. com: usatoday. com/news/education/2003-11-05-foreign-language-usat_x. htm Rao, A. (2011, March 17). Learning second language, study abroad helps students get advantage in job market. Retrieved November 8, 2011, from www. kstatecollegian. com: kstatecollegian. com/opinion/learning-second-language-study-abroad-helps-students-get-advantage-in-job-market-1. 2515777#. Trmn8HJ8uSo

8 Requisitos Esenciales del Matrimonio para Inmigración

8 Requisitos Esenciales del Matrimonio para Inmigracià ³n Es bien sabido que tanto los ciudadanos americanos como los residentes permanentes legales pueden pedir para sus esposos una tarjeta de residencia, tambià ©n conocida como la green card. Y esto aplica tanto a los matrimonios entre una mujer y un varà ³n como a los de dos personas del mismo sexo. Adems, el matrimonio  una de las formas ms rpidas de obtener la residencia, si bien es ms rpido en el caso de peticiones cursadas por ciudadanos que las solicitadas por residentes. Pero para que esta tramitacià ³n migratoria llegue a buen puerto, Inmigracià ³n establece que necesario  que el matrimonio cumpla con una seria de caracterà ­sticas. En este artà ­culo se explican cules son los requisitos que debe cumplir el matrimonio para inmigracià ³n y tambià ©n cules pueden ser los problemas que dan lugar a la negacià ³n de la green card. Y es que el matrimonio por sà ­ solo no garantiza la obtencià ³n de la residencia. Para empezar, cuatro requisitos que aplican a todos los matrimonios, sin importar el lugar de celebracià ³n. A continuacià ³n se explican otros cuatro requisitios que deben cumplir cuando el matrimonio tiene lugar en Estados Unidos o uno de sus territorios, como por ejemplo, Puerto Rico. 4 requisitos delmatrimonio para Inmigracià ³n sin importar lugar de celebracià ³n Para que las autoridades migratorias aprueben una tarjeta de residencia por matrimonio, à ©ste debe cumplir los siguientes ​cuatro  requisitos: En primer lugar, legalidad. El matrimonio tiene que  tener validez en el lugar de su celebracià ³n, adems, tiene que poder obtenerse un documento oficial en el que consta su celebracià ³n.  Son vlidos tanto los religiosos como los civiles y cualquier otra fà ³rmula que sea aceptada como vlida en la localidad en la el casorio tuvo lugar.​ En segundo lugar, debe ser de buena fe. Lo que tambià ©n se conoce con el nombre de bona fide. Esto es, que se trata de un matrimonio de verdad, no uno que se ha celebrado con el objetivo de que uno de los contrayentes pueda sacar los papeles para la residencia permanente.  Los matrimonios falsos son perseguidos por el Servicio de Ciudadanà ­a e Inmigracià ³n (USCIS, por sus siglas en inglà ©s).  Los castigos pueden ser severos.   En tercer lugar, es necesaria la presencia en la boda. Ambas partes conyugales deben estar presentes. Es decir, como regla general no se admiten los matrimonios por poder. Si este es tu caso, debers probar que despuà ©s del casorio ha habido una consumacià ³n de la relacià ³n (ha habido sexo entre los esposos). En cuarto lugar, se exige solterà ­a. Hay que ser soltero o divorciado o ser viudo o haber obtenido la anulacià ³n de un matrimonio anterior. No se admite ni la bigamia ni la poligamia. 4 requisitos adicionales si el matrimonio se celebra en Estados Unidos Las bodas y sus requisitos son un asunto regulado por cada estado. Esto quiere decir que tienes que cumplir con las leyes del lugar en el que celebra.  Debes tener en cuenta estos 4 requisitos: 1. Residencia. En algunos estados debers residir en el estado por un nà ºmero de dà ­as para poder casarte. En otros no. Esto quiere decir que puedes casarte legalmente en algunos estados en los que no vives, pero en otros no ser posible. Lo importante es que una vez que se celebra el matrimonio en EEUU respetando las leyes estatales del lugar ser reconocido por todos los estados y, lo ms importante para inmigracià ³n, por el gobierno federal. 2. Edad. Si tienes 18 aà ±os, puedes contraer matrimonio libremente. Si eres ms joven debers verificar las leyes de tu estado. En muchos es posible casarse con 16, pero en otros ser preciso el consentimiento de los padres. Para edades ms jà ³venes siempre se va a necesitar dicho consentimiento e incluso en algunos estados el de un juez. 3. Parentesco. Si te quieres casar con un primo carnal (en primer grado) debers comprobar las leyes locales, ya que aproximadamente la mitad de los estados lo prohà ­be o establece serias limitaciones de edad requiriendo que los novios hayan dejado atrs la edad de procrear. 4. Common law. En algunos estados se considera matrimonio cuando dos personas se ponen de acuerdo en vivir juntas y proclamarse pà ºblicamente como esposos. Esto es posible si vives en Alabama, Carolina del Sur, Colorado, Iowa, Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Pensilvania, Rhode Island, Texas, Utah y el Distrito de Columbia. Si este es tu caso antes de presentar los papeles habla con un abogado de inmigracià ³n o consulta directamente con el USCIS, lo que puedes hacer con el servicio de INFOPASS. Por supuesto que los matrimonios celebrados en el Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico son reconocidos por las autoridades de inmigracià ³n a todos los efectos migratorios. 6 problemas que pueden surgir en la tramitacià ³n de la residencia por matrimonio A pesar de estar casado legalmente y de  buena fe con un ciudadano estadounidense o un residente permanente legal puede darse el caso de que las autoridades migratorias no aprueben para el cà ³nyuge pedido la green card, o la visa de inmigrante si est en el extranjero. Las razones pueden ser varias, destacando las siguientes: 1. Que la persona que presenta la peticià ³n, es decir, el ciudadano o el residente, haya sido condenado por un delito que impide solicitar los papeles para un familiar segà ºn la ley Adam Walsh.   2. Que la persona que presenta la peticià ³n no tenga los recursos econà ³micos que pide la ley para poder patrocinar a un familiar. Este tema es particularmente problemtico cuando se trata de un ciudadano americano que lleva tiempo viviendo en otro paà ­s y desea regresarse a los Estados Unidos acompaà ±ado de su cà ³nyuge. En todo caso, tener presente que si se carecen de medios econà ³micos la ley permite buscar co-patrocinador para firmar la declaracià ³n de sostenimiento (affidavit of support). 3. Que el matrimonio sea considerado falso por Inmigracià ³n. Tener en cuenta que es posible la denuncia anà ³nima de matrimonios de conveniencia. 4. Que la persona que presenta la peticià ³n decide ponerle fin durante su tramitacià ³n. 5. Que se produce un divorcio. Esto podrà ­a  ser especialmente problemtico en los casos de residencias permanentes concedidas condicionalmente por un periodo de dos aà ±os, pero no es el à ºnico caso. 6. Que la persona extranjera para la que se piden los papeles sea inadmisible. Es decir, que la residencia se deniegue por una de estas 42 causas. En este punto hay que tener en cuenta que el problema surge al final de la tramitacià ³n. Es decir, se obtiene la aprobacià ³n de la primera gestià ³n, que es el formulario I-130, pero al final Inmigracià ³n dice no. En este apartado de considerar al extranjero como inadmisible destacar dos casos, aunque no son los à ºnicos. En primer lugar, si se ha ingresado a los Estados Unidos con visa K-1 de prometido de ciudadano americano, es necesario casarse con la persona que realizà ³ la peticià ³n. No es posible casarse con otra distinta. Esto solo da lugar a problemas y muy serios.   En segundo lugar, el problema que surge cuando el extranjero pedido est ilegalmente en los Estados Unidos. Si se encuentra en la actualidad como indocumentado decir que si se casa con un residente permanente no podr arreglar los papeles por esa causa, porque no puede ajustar su estatus. P​or el contrario, si  se casa con un ciudadano americano hay una gran diferencia entre las personas que ingresaron a los Estados Unidos legalmente y que sà ­ pueden ajustar su estatus y aquellos que cruzaron ilegalmente, que no pueden hacerlo. Las personas en esta à ºltima situacià ³n tienen que salir de los Estados Unidos para ir a travà ©s de un procedimiento consular y ahà ­ probablemente surjan los problemas y tengan que esperar fuera por mucho tiempo.   Otra posible opcià ³n es el Parole in Place, pero en este caso el migrante indocumentado que ingresà ³ ilegalmente tendrà ­a que estar casado con un ciudadano que est en el Ejà ©rcito o es veterano.Por eso consultar con un abogado reputado para ver cules son las opciones. Verificar tambià ©n si es posible calificar para recibir la waiver provisional por dureza extrema, que se recibe antes de salir de los Estados Unidos. Por à ºltimo, los extranjeros que han estado ilegalmente en los Estados Unidos y ahora estn fuera del paà ­s estn sujetos, salvo excepciones, al castigo de los 3 y de los 10 aà ±os  aunque tengan una peticià ³n realizada por un cà ³nyuge. Aunque en algunos casos es posible pedir una waiver, tambià ©n conocido como perdà ³n o permiso, lo cierto es que no aplica a todos y hay que cumplir requisitos muy serios. En otras palabras, hay que tener muy claro en el caso de ser migrante indocumentado cundo se est en una situacià ³n que la ley permite ajustar el estatus por matrimonio y cundo no es posible. Es importante conocer la situacià ³n real, buscar buen consejo legal y evitar ser và ­ctimas de fraude por pate de personas sin escrà ºpulos que prometen arreglar los papeles a cambio de pagar una importante suma de dinero y por ley es imposible que se dà © lo que prometen. Test de respuestas mà ºltiples sobre la green card Este test resuelve importantes dudas e inquietudes comunes sobre la tarjeta de residencia. Se aconseja tomarlo. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

Globalization And Culture Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Globalization And Culture - Research Paper Example He argues that this is because of the commercialization of culture through media, affecting civilizational, religious and cultural values. The world is thus losing its cultural diversity and is arriving at a monocultural state, which is the resultant of the homogenization of cultures through globalization. II. The Origin of Globalization and its Impact on World Culture—Varying models Globalization is a universal phenomenon resulting from commercial interactions and trade between countries. Globalization accelerated from the 1870s until the beginning of the First World War in 1914, when all countries worldwide felt the effects of an international economy (Haynes, 2010p. 134). Various routes, by both land and sea, had been developed in historical times, whose main function was to facilitate trade. However, goods were not the only entities that were being exchanged. Religious and cultural exchanges were also widespread across these routes. For instance, the influence of Buddhism, which originated in India, on Central Asia, China, Tibet, Japan and South East Asia occurred due to trade contact among these countries; and the Silk route enabled cultural exchanges between Central Asia, China and Europe (Yazdani, 2009, p. 55). The effect of globalization on culture is explained using various models described below. However, no single model is enough to relate the actual s pread of globalization. A. Vanguardist Model The Vanguardist model puts forth the notion that European culture expanded from the West to the rest of the world.

Cloud Computing Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 2

Cloud Computing - Research Paper Example For instance, information of an organization needs to be protected and is the ultimate responsibility of the board of director for which they are also liable. We have selected a small medium enterprise called as ‘Wizni Incorporated’ this is transformed from a traditional IT service to a cloud service provider. The Information technology architecture of the company incorporates three components i.e. business analytics expertise, along with the provision of a quality cloud hosting provider. Likewise, the core competency of Wizni Inc. is business analytics. Moreover, the company is delivering business analytics bundled with powerful systems enabling their clients to make efficient decision making. Wizni Incorporated provides state of the art analytics solutions for empowering organizations to utilize business intelligence required for making efficient decision making. The company provides Business intelligence deployments that facilitate ease of discovery, patterns hidden i n IT systems, applications and unstructured data. The business analytics products are DIFEEâ„ ¢ (data-inference and federation engine) and Score IT. DIFEE is used for virtualization and Score IT is used for data mining, model scoring and life cycle management. Furthermore, IBM Cognos Express is also a first integrated business intelligence tool that is precisely developed and acquired by the company to meet customer requirements. The tool is bundled with critical reporting, scorecard, analysis, budgeting, forecasting dashboard and customization features and capabilities for the small medium enterprises at an affordable cost without large associated investments. Moreover, the tool incorporates a pre-configured solution that is very easy for installation and use for the end users. The transition of this new powerful cloud solution is approved by the board on the basis of gaining competitive edge among small medium enterprises within the region. Previously, there was no growth in cl ientele and after implementing the cloud based solution, clientele sky rocketed and stakeholders were satisfied at the same time ready to invest in the technological solution. On the other hand, cloud computing also reflects significant risks, principal risks of cloud computing is associated with federal agencies and regulations. Any vulnerability found in the software, platform or infrastructure of the vendors will expose serious exposures, as information may be related to more than one organization. Moreover, employees working internally on the cloud computing premises of ‘Business Cloud’ may also expose a serious threat if no proper background employee checks were performed during recruitment procedures. Furthermore, if any governmental agencies for instance, military or other sensitive body is also using the same cloud from the same vendor is also most likely to be compromised, if any breach of any one of these fundamental concepts Confidentiality, Integrity and Ava ilability is successful. In addition, the incident response function may not be efficient and effective if any incident occurs and affect the customer or employee. For instance, if a security incident affects the customer, the incident response function of the organization will trigger in a timely manner to isolate and investigate the root cause via root cause analysis. In a cloud computing scenario, it may be a different case and result

Martin Luther King Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Martin Luther King - Essay Example Throughout your letter, you explain to them why your demonstrations were necessary as a means of bringing in the interest and attention of the northern white people and force change in the laws for the benefit of black citizens of the South. You also indicate why it was appropriate and even incumbent upon you, as a minister, to stand up for the human rights of your people rather than to allow them to continue to be so poorly treated. Finally, you demonstrate your connection with your people by pointing out to these ministers why the timing of your demonstrations had to be now as society had finally reached a boiling point when some action was bound to occur. In your closing words, you criticize these other ministers for not helping you find a peaceful means for the people to express their frustration and to act in the name of human goodness. While it is true that your efforts throughout your life did bring about significant change for the better in getting many of these segregation l aws abolished, speaking as a citizen of the 21st century, I regret to tell you that things haven’t really changed all that much. In the 45 years since you wrote your letter, psychologists and sociologists have discovered more and more about the effects of the past upon the reactions of the present within the human mind. Recent investigation has proven that racism is rooted in dysfunctional belief systems resulting from distorted perceptions formed over a period of time as beliefs and practices are passed from one generation to the next. We cannot ignore the significant role of the socio-cultural environment in shaping perceptual patterns. In addition, it is well known that people are inclined to respond on the basis of their own experience when it comes to social interactions and social biases such as racism. Therefore, people who have

Semantic Priming: Effects of Related and Unrelated Words

Semantic Priming: Effects of Related and Unrelated Words Semantic Priming: Effects of Related and Unrelated Words on Response Times Introduction to Cognition, Biological Psychology and Quantitative Research Methods Abstract The aim of this experiment was to measure the response times on the string of letters that were shown to the participants on a computer screen. The task of the participants was to decide whether the string of letters were words or non-words. The hypothesis of the experiment was that the response time in the lexical decision task would be significantly faster for target words related to the prime than for target words unrelated to the prime. The experimental design was repeated measures, where participants responded to all the stimuli that were propounded. Participants were presented with a string of words related to the prime, words unrelated to the prime, non-word created from a word related to the prime and a non-word created from a word unrelated to the prime. The findings of the experiment showed that participants responded faster when the letter strings were related words rather than unrelated words. This is because related words are closely associated in implicit memory, theref ore the response times of the participants will be faster in recognising the words. Explanations for the results of the experiment will be discussed further in the report. Introduction Priming is an effect on implicit memory in which the reaction time of a response to a stimulus is faster due to having previous experience of the stimulus. For example, individuals can recognise a word faster if it is paired with a related word. For example, â€Å"table† and â€Å"chair† and are slower at recognising words if they are unrelated. For example, â€Å"nurse† and â€Å"butter† (Refer to appendix A). In the study of Meyer and Schvaneveldt (1971) we refer to semantic priming, where semantic refers to the logic and language individuals store in their implicit memory. Meyer and Schvaneveldt (1971) suggested that the response times were faster when the string of words were related because a part of the memory is activated in which the retrieval of words from semantic memory is faster. Associative priming and the lexical decision task is an extension of the study by Meyer and Schvaneveldt (1971). In their experiment they hypothesized that recognition of a word is faster when it is associated with its prime. In their experiment they presented 12 participants with two strings of letters, one above the other. Their task was to press the ‘yes’ key if the two strings were words and the ‘no’ key if one or both were non-words. In their results, they found that response times were faster when the target string consisted of related words such as ‘bread’ and ‘butter’ or ‘nurse’ and ‘doctor’ proving their hypothesis to be correct. Furthermore, another psychologist McNamara (1992) demonstrated results from a similar experiment of associative priming. He also found that mean response times were faster when words were related rather than unrelated. He also found that errors rates (percentage of errors) were much higher in the non-related condition than in the related condition. The present experiment is in favour of that of Meyer and Schvaneveldt’s (1971) and McNamara’s (1992) because similar results were obtained from both research studies. The difference to the present study to that of Meyer and Schvaneveldt’s (1971) was that the string of words were not presented simultaneously, they were presented one after the other and the participants were to decide if both strings were words or if one of both were non-words. From this it is unknown which letter string is the one that the participant responds to from their implicit memory. However the present experiment could allow us to investigate the effects of the time between the letters are presented on the effects on response times. Another modification that was made was that in the present experiment, was that one letter was changed in either a related or an unrelated word. This allows us to investigate the eff ects of the response time on the identification of words. Previous research by Meyer and Schvaneveldt (1971) and findings from the present experiment are relevant in explaining how the long term memory is organised in individuals. The hypothesis of the experiment was that the response time in the lexical decision task would be significantly faster for target words related to the prime than for target words unrelated to the prime. Participants 150 participants took part in the present experiment, all being part of the same educational institution. The participants consisted of mixed gender with majority being female. The age of the participants varied from 18 and above and they were also from various ethnicities. The type of sampling that was used in the experiment was opportunity sampling because the participants were available to take part in the experiment at that time. Apparatus As the experiment was computer based, each participant had access to a computer. The program was written in TCL for Windows, and ran on PCs using the Windows 7 operating system. There were two types of stimuli used in the experiment; words and non-words, related and unrelated words. Key findings in the experiment showed that participants responded faster when words were related to each other; for example, ‘bread’ and ‘butter.’ Thus, participants responded slower when words were unrelated to each other; for example, ‘table’ and ‘nurse.’ Design The experiment was set up in an educational institution and the task was carried out using computer equipment. There were 150 participants involved in the experiment and consisted of first year psychology students. This was an opportunity sample, as the participants were available at the time the study was being carried out. The program was written in TCL for Windows, and ran on PCs using the Windows 7 operating system. The design of the experiment was repeated measures where participants were presented with all the stimuli. There were two independent variables for this experiment: related or unrelated words and word or non-words. The dependent variable was the response time in which participants decided if the string of letters were words or non-words. The conditions in the experiment were to press the ‘L’ key or the ‘A’ key if the string of letters were words or non-words. The experiment program showed the participant which key to press for each response. The controls that were used in the experiment were the ways in which the stimuli were presented. The target was presented 300, 600 or 900 milliseconds after the prime was presented on the computer screen. When the results were presented the times after the stimuli were presented were averaged out. Procedure The participants carried out the experiment simultaneously. The participant was seated in front of the computer throughout the experiment. The stimuli were presented one after the other on the screen after which the participant had to make the choice if the string of letters presented were words or non-words. The participant responded by pressing the ‘A’ or ‘L’ key on the keyboard; these were random for each participant. Response time was measured by the computer programme. The experiment lasted around 20 minutes. Participants were shown 18 trials in which the target string was a word related to the prime, 18 trials in which the target string was a non-word, 18 trials in which the target string was a non-word created from a word and 18 trials in which the target string was a non-word from a word unrelated to the prime, which means there were 72 trials in total. (Refer to appendix B). Results The inferential test chosen for the present experiment was a repeated measure t-test. Using a repeated measures t-test, with alpha set at 0.05, response times for the related words were significantly faster than the unrelated words (t=-3.762, df=149, p=0.000, two tailed). Similarly, using a repeated measures t-test, with alpha set at 0.05, response times were significantly faster for related non-words than for unrelated non-words (t=0.974, df=149, p=0.332, two tailed). The difference between the mean response times in each condition varied, the mean response time was faster when the target string was a word related to the prime and was slower when the target string was a pseudo word unrelated to the prime. McNamara (1992) reports that lexical decisions are made faster because semantic memory consists of interconnected nodes (Refer to appendix C). When a stimulus is presented, a part of the semantic memory is activated and the spreads across the network activating related nodes. The c loser the nodes, the closer the words are associated in semantic memory. Mean Reaction Times and Standard Deviations in Lexical Decision Task Discussion The hypothesis of the experiment was accepted because response time in the lexical decision task was significantly faster for target words related to the prime than for target words unrelated to the prime. This is in favour of Meyer and Schvaneveldt’s (1971) experiment as previously mentioned because in their experiment, their mean response time was fastest when the target string was a word related to the prime; similarly with the present experiment. The results of the present experiment demonstrates that Meyer and Schvaneveldt’s (1971) and McNamara’s (1992) theory of semantic priming is both valid and reliable. An opportunity sample was used in the experiment and may be considered as a weak research method by many researchers. Therefore this kind of sample may produce a biased sample as it is easy for the researcher to gather participants from their social group; in this case, a sample of students from the same educational institution. Hence the results of the experiment are not generalizable to a whole population. Since majority of the participants involved in the experiment consisted of students, the results can be affected because a much educated, mature individual will have more knowledge of the world and whose memory may be better than that of students. Similarly, a younger, uneducated individual may not have a reasonable good memory so their results will differ from the student’s results. A more appropriate type of sample may be a volunteer sample, where the experiment will recruit all types of individuals from the society. This way the findings of the experiment may be general izable to a total population. References Friedenberg, J. Silverman, G. (2006). Cognitive Science: An Introduction to the Study of Mind. London: Sage Publications Ltd. Goldstein, E. (2010). Cognitive Psychology: Connecting Mind, Research and Everyday Experience. (3rd ed.). Belmont: Wadsworth Cengage Learning. McNamara, T. (1992). Learning. Memory, and Cognition. Journal of Experimental Psychology. 18 (6) 1173-1190. Meyer, D. Schvaneveldt, R. (1971). Facilitation in Recognizing Pairs of Words. Journal of Experimental Psychology. 90 (2) 227-234. Proctor, R. Healy, A. (Eds.) (2003). Experimental Psychology, Volume 4 (2nd ed.). New Jersey: John Wiley Sons, Inc. Appendix Appendix A Stimuli used in the experiment. The words in the brackets indicate where the pseudo word originated from. Appendix B Number of trials per condition. Appendix C A diagram of how knowledge in semantic memory may be organised.

Modern Art Essay -- Manet, Rembrandt, Gaugin

This paper references the following works: Olympia. Edouard Manet. 1863. Oil on canvas. H. 130; W. 190 cm. Paris, Musà ©e d'Orsay Self Portrait. Rembrandt. 1660. Oil on canvas. 31.61 x 26.5 cm. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. Self Portrait Dedicated to Paul Gaugin. Vincent van Gogh. 1888. Oil on canvas. 60.5 x 49.4 cm. Fogg Art Museum, Harvard University Pieta. Anabale Carricci. 1600. Oil on canvas. 149 x 156 cm. Museo Nazionale di Capodimonte, Naples, Italy. Woman with Dead Child. Kathe Kollowitz. 1903. Etching. 39 x 48 cm. To the casual viewer, Modern art is often shocking, amusing, indecipherable and unnerving because art has always been understood in terms of traditional representation. However at the turn of the nineteenth century, European artists began to rebel against the institution of classical art. To gain success as an artist in Europe up until this time, acceptance by the Royal Academies of Art was essential (Rosenfeld 2000). The approved style was that of classical antiquity depicting idealised historical, mythological and religious scenes and because the Academies controlled official patronage for artists, they set the rules for standards of â€Å"beauty† in art (Rosenfeld 2000). However with the rise of modernity in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, art theory evolved. Modernity in this period was characterised by rapid growth of industry and technology in the city, which meant substantial social and economic innovation across Europe. Feelings of anxiety and instabil ity accompanied this rapid transformation (Sturken and Cartwright 2009, 449) and lead to a self-conscious awareness within artists and consumers alike. So strongly were the changes felt that artists began reinterpreting traditional subject matter to reflect this new modern age. Ultimately, Modern artists sought truth over beauty, a concept which encompassed both the physicality of painting as a medium as well as the artist’s sense of self in an endeavour to create â€Å"pure† art (Greenberg). Academic art strove to overcome the limitations of painting as a medium; surface flatness, canvas structure and properties of paint pigment (Kleiner 2009, 822), to create illusions of space and aesthetics. Modern artists reacted by emphasising the same properties to communicate original insights and observations. However, the popular notion that Modernism was a... ...3857?accountid=10382 (accessed Feb 4, 2015) Figure 2. Olympia. Edouard Manet. 1863. Oil on canvas. H. 130; W. 190 cm. Paris, Musà ©e d'Orsay offered to the French State by public subscription initiated by Claude Monet, 1890 © RMN-Grand Palais (Musà ©e d'Orsay) / Hervà © Lewandowski. Reproduced from http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/cultureshock/flashpoints/visualarts/olympia_a.html (accessed Feb 4, 2015). Figure 3. Self Portrait. Rembrandt. 1660. Oil on canvas. 31.61 x 26.5 cm. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. http://totallyhistory.com/self-portrait-altman/ (accessed Feb 4, 2015) Figure 4. Self Portrait Dedicated to Paul Gaugin. Vincent van Gogh. 1888. Oil on canvas. 60.5 x 49.4 cm. Fogg Art Museum, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA. http://www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/auth/gogh/self/gogh.self-gauguin.jpg (accessed Feb 4, 2015) Figure 5. Pieta. Anabale Carricci. 1600. Oil on canvas. 149 x 156 cm. Museo Nazionale di Capodimonte, Naples, Italy. http://www.wikipaintings.org/en/annibale-carracci/pieta-1600 (accessed Feb 4, 2015) Figure 6. Woman with Dead Child. Kathe Kollowitz. 1903. Etching. 39 x 48 cm. oj0 http://hammer.ucla.edu/programs/detail/program_id/204 (accessed Feb 4, 2015)

Gun Control Is Bad Essay

Gun control laws should not be strengthened, instead they should be enforced. Instead of making it harder for law-abiding citizens to obtain guns, guns should be taken away from unstable individuals or people who should not have guns like criminals. The first reason why gun control should not be strengthened is that citizens have the right to own guns; it is one of those entitlements that makes the United States different from other countries. Secondly, criminals are criminals and that is why they are called criminals, they don’t follow the law; basically if a criminal wants a gun they will get a gun, legally or not. My third reason is that guns are used for protection. Strengthening gun control laws will not prevent violence, guns aren’t the only tool used to hurt people, and people will use other objects to hurt people if they can’t have guns. Without a gun, murderers will still murder people whether they use a gun, knife, baseball bat, or any other object, it doesn’t matter. If not that many citizens have guns thanks to stronger gun laws, what if the government becomes tyrannical or does not protect the citizens’ rights? Well they won’t be able to do anything because they will be helpless, they can’t take out the leaders and fix the government. The second amendment states, â€Å"A well-regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed. Adolf Hitler took away guns from the Jewish people during his reign of power in Europe, the constitution states that guns are â€Å"necessary to the security of a free state† and Hitler did not want a free state, he did not want them to fight back. Same goes for Fidel Castro and other leaders like them. Guns are necessary to for the people to have, to make sure the government is kept in line. The founding fathers wanted citizens to be able to own guns to make sure that the people are in charge. Thomas Jefferson said, â€Å"When the people fear the government there is a tyranny, when the government fears the people there is liberty.† If stricter gun control laws went into effect then citizens will begin to lose a basic right as a citizen of the United States. Some people who think strengthening gun control will reduce gun violence but it will only make law-abiding citizens not want to go through the process of getting a gun. Criminals will find a way to get guns if they want them which is why instead of strengthening gun laws, it should be made sure that criminals and unstable people do not have guns. When alcohol was illegal during Prohibition, the criminals still found a way to get it, if guns are illegal they will still find a way to get them. Chicago has some of the strictest gun control laws in the nation. In 2010 it was illegal for a citizen to own a handgun. In that same year more Chicago police officers were killed by gunfire than any other police agency. According to theacru.org a Harvard study showed, â€Å"Norway has the highest rate of gun ownership in Western Europe, yet possesses the lowest murder rate. In contrast, Holland’s murder rate is nearly the worst, despite having the lowest gun ownership in Western Europe.† This is showing how gun control does not work. According to dosomething.org, â€Å"Most guns used in crimes are stolen either from homes or gun dealers.† A criminal will find a gun illegally if they have to, they won’t care about gun control laws, only citizens who will follow the law will, and they will be the ones to get hurt by the criminals. If they want it, they will find a way to get it. Guns don’t kill people, people kill people and if guns are not available then people will still kill people, gun control laws being strengthened will not stop people from killing each other. The proof is in the facts, gun control doesn’t work. Guns can be used to balance power between the strong and the defenseless which can save innocent lives. For example, if an elderly woman was home alone and someone was breaking into her home she could easily shoot the intruder and defend herself. According to justfacts.com, in a survey done by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention from 1994, â€Å"Americans use guns to frighten away intruders who are breaking into their homes about 498,000 times per year.† An example of this is a story done by ABC News on October 20, 2012 a 12 year old girl was home alone when an intruder broke in, she hid in her closet with her mom’s gun and when the intruder came to the closet she shot him in the shoulder and he got scared off, that probably saved her life. Also, a survey from the Journal of Quantative Criminology from 2000 stated, â€Å"U.S. civilians use guns to defend themselves and others from crimes at least 989,883 times per year.† If gun control laws are strengthened it will be harder for citizens who obey the law to obtain guns which they would use to protect themselves therefore the crime rate will spike as the smaller and weaker cannot protect themselves. Stricter gun control laws will only make it harder for citizens who actually follow the law to acquire guns, criminals don’t care if it is illegal or not. It is an unalienable right as a U.S. citizen to own guns and guns are used as protection from people like who want to do harm to others. If gun laws are strengthened criminals will still get the guns if they want them, they don’t care if they break the law. Guns are used for protection by citizens. I think that the only way to lessen violence with guns is to have stronger penalties for murders and harm to other people. Also, I believe that people should keep track of their guns and keep them in a safe place so no one can steal them.

Change and Continutie

Between 500 CE and 1500CE changes and continuities in interregional commerce in the Eurasian World occurred. The Silk Road connected South Asia, Western Asia, and South Asia with Europe. The â€Å"road† was used for trading good such as silk, porcelain, and other luxuries. Not only was it used for trading material goods, but it was also used for trading religions, skills, and knowledge. It also passed along diseases. Some changes that occurred were that classical empires collapsing and new empires began to rise, and trade in the Indian Ocean became more regulated in 1500CE than before in 1400CE.A continuity that occurred was the Indian Ocean trade remained unregulated from 700CE through 1400CE. Due to the collapse of the classical empires in 500CE and the rise of the Byzantine, Abbasid, and Tang Empires in 700CE, trade declined then grew. When the classical empires collapsed, trade declined because due to the lack of government following the decline of the classical empires, p rotection could not be granted for trade and trade routes could not be repaired. Due to these reasons, trade and travel became dangerous.When the Byzantine, Abbasid, and Tang empires began to rise, trade grew again because Tang rulers set up military garrisons to protect the trade done through the Silk Road, the Byzantine empire’s central location on the Mediterranean Sea allowed trade to flourish, especially in the capital of Constantinople, and in the Abbasid empire Muslim merchants spread improved irrigation in the region, which led to increases in food production and population. Because of the three empires rising, trade was able to be successful again after the fall of the classical empires.During the years of 700CE through 1400CE a continuity of unregulated Indian Ocean trade continued in Eurasian trade. The Indian Ocean represented the world’s largest sea-based system of communication and exchange. The alternating wind currents that blew predictably eastward dur ing the summer months and westward during the winter months (monsoons) was what made the Indian Ocean commerce possible. Because the Indian trade route was so successful and many people depending on it, it continued to remain unregulated from 700CE through 1400CE.Another reason for it continuing to remain unregulated was because cities located strategically grew and it was a safe environment for markets, it welcomed all merchants, and charged reasonable fees. Although it remained unregulated from 700CE through 1400CE, that all changed by 1500CE. From the unregulated Indian Ocean trade in the 1400’s, trade became more controlled by the Chinese and the Europeans by the 1500’s. To gain control over the Indian Ocean trade Europeans captured the port cities, wrecked them, stole from them, and burned them to the ground, killing the residents of the cities.Because people from other countries traded as well and they brought their culture, religions, and other values and belief s that fascinated the people who lived along the Indian Ocean regions, a lot of people were affected. The Indian Ocean became controlled by the Chinese and the Europeans. In the same way as the Silk Road was used for trade and commerce and was successful the Indian Ocean was also used for trade and commerce. However, the silk route is widely interconnected trade route across Asian continent connecting East, South, and Western Asia with the Mediterranean world, as well as North and Northeast Africa and Europe.In Indian Ocean routes majorly connecting Middle East, Africa, and East Asia with Europe and the Americas. In conclusion, during the time period of 500CE through 1500CE Some changes that occurred were that classical empires collapsing and new empires began to rise, and trade in the Indian Ocean became more regulated in 1500CE than before in 1400CE. A continuity that occurred was the Indian Ocean trade remained unregulated from 700CE through 1400CE. Both the silk road and the Ind ian ocean were used for commerce and trade.